Annex

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 The use of NO_X-reducing devices is envisaged in section 2.2.5 of the NO_X Technical Code 2008 (NTC 2008) and a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system is one of such devices.

1.2 The NTC 2008 contains two ways for pre-certification of engine systems fitted with NO_X-reducing devices:

• .1 engine fitted with SCR: approval in accordance with paragraph 2.2.5.1 and test in accordance with chapter 5 of the NTC 2008; and

• .2 a simplified measurement method in accordance with section 6.3 of the NTC 2008 as regulated in paragraph 2.2.5.2 (Primary failure case) of the Code.

1.3 According to paragraph 2.2.5.1 of the NTC 2008, where a NO_X-reducing device is to be included within the EIAPP certification, it must be recognized as a component of the engine, and its presence shall be recorded in the engine's Technical File.

1.4 Administrations are invited to take these Guidelines into account when certifying engines fitted with SCR.

2 GENERAL

2.1 Purpose

The purpose of these Guidelines is to provide guidance in addition to the requirements of the NTC 2008 for design, testing, surveys and certification of marine diesel engines fitted with an SCR system to ensure its compliance with the requirements of regulation 13 of MARPOL Annex VI.

2.2 Application

These Guidelines apply to marine diesel engines fitted with SCR for compliance with regulation 13 of MARPOL Annex VI.

2.3 Definitions

Unless provided otherwise, the terms in these Guidelines have the same meaning as the terms defined in regulation 2 of MARPOL Annex VI and in section 1.3 of the NTC 2008.

2.3.1 "Engine system fitted with SCR" means a system consisting of a marine diesel engine, an SCR chamber and a reductant injection system. When a control device on NO_X-reducing performance is provided, it is also regarded as a part of the system.

2.3.2 "Catalyst block" means a block of certain dimension through which exhaust gas passes and which contains catalyst composition on its inside surface to reduce NO_X from exhaust gas.

2.3.3 "SCR chamber" means an integrated unit, which contains the catalyst block(s), and into which flows exhaust gas and reductant.

2.3.4 "Reductant injection system" means a system, which consists of the pump(s) to supply reductant to the nozzle(s), the nozzle(s) spraying reductant into the exhaust gas stream and control device(s) of the spray.

2.3.5 "AV (area velocity) value" means a value of the exhaust gas flow rate passing through the catalyst blocks (m³/h) per total active surface area of the catalyst blocks in the SCR chamber (m²). Therefore, unit of AV value is (m/h). The exhaust gas flow volume is the volume defined at 0°C and 101.3 kPa.

2.3.6 "SV (space velocity) value" means a value of the exhaust gas flow rate passing through the catalyst block(s) (m³/h) per total volume of the catalyst block(s) in the SCR chamber (m³). Therefore, unit of SV value is (1/h). The exhaust gas flow volume is the volume defined at 0°C and 101.3 kPa.

2.3.7 "Total volume of the catalyst block" means the volume (m³) based on outer dimensions of the catalyst block.

2.3.9 "LV (linear velocity) value" means a value of the exhaust gas flow rate passing through the catalyst blocks (m³/h) per catalyst block's section (m²) in a normal direction of exhaust gas flow. Therefore, unit of LV value is (m/h). The exhaust gas flow volume is the volume defined at 0°C and 101.3 kPa.

2.3.9 "Block section" means the cross-sectional area (m²) of the catalyst block based on the outer dimensions.

2.3.10 "NO_X reduction rate η" means a value deriving from the following formula. Unit of η is (%):

• 

• 	Where:		is NOX concentration (ppm) as measured at the inlet of the SCR chamber;
  			is NOX concentration (ppm) as measured at the outlet of the SCR chamber.

2.3.11 "Catalyst block casing or frame" means a casing or frame of an assembly (module) of several catalyst blocks.

3 PRE-CERTIFICATION PROCEDURE

3.1 General

3.1.1 Engine systems fitted with SCR should be certified in accordance with chapter 2 of the NTC 2008. The procedures provided by Scheme A or Scheme B of these Guidelines should be applied.

3.1.2 The applicant for certification should be the entity responsible for the complete engine system fitted with SCR.

3.1.3 The applicant should supply all necessary documentation, including the Technical File for the complete system, a description of the required on board NO_X verification procedure and, where applicable, the description of the confirmation test procedure.

3.2 Technical File and on board NO_X verification procedures

In addition to the information supplied in paragraph 3.1.3 of these Guidelines and items in section 2.4 of the NTC 2008, engine systems fitted with SCR should include the following information in Technical File:

• .1 reductant: component/type and concentration;

• .2 reductant injection system including critical dimensions and supply volume;

• .3 design features of SCR specific components in the exhaust duct from the engine exhaust manifold to the SCR chamber. The design features are to be specified by the applicant and may include, but are not limited to:

  • .1 any restrictions specified by the applicant relating to exhaust duct configuration/design, including the position and number of bends in exhaust duct along with orientation and geometry, exhaust duct changes of diameter and arrangements fitted to manipulate exhaust flow, where applicable;

  • .2 minimum distance between reductant injection point(s) and SCR chamber;

  • .3 position of reductant injection equipment within duct and the direction of reductant injection, e.g. counter flow or parallel flow;

  • .4 reductant mixing arrangements;

  • .5 reductant lances, nozzles, atomizing arrangement;

  • .6 inlet plenum design, top entry or bottom entry;

  • .7 where an SCR by-pass arrangement is stipulated by the applicant, the control specifications, identification of the by-pass valve and its control device; and

  • .8 where an integrated reductant injection and SCR chamber arrangement is supplied as a packaged item to be fitted into an exhaust duct, the parameters of such a unit which may affect NO_X emissions;

• .4 catalyst block specification and arrangement in the SCR chamber. The details of the catalyst block specification and the arrangement of catalyst blocks within the SCR chamber may include, but are not limited to:

  • .1 installation of blocks within the SCR chamber, including the number of blocks, number of layers and the SCR chamber casing and frame to prevent exhaust gas slip;

  • .2 catalyst block geometry;

  • .3 limiting characteristics such as CPSI (cells per square inch) and ranges for physical parameters such as the space velocity (SV), area velocity (AV) and linear velocity (LV), or a part number or specification number specified by the applicant on the catalyst block;

  • .4 catalyst material: this may be identified by means of a part number or specification number. The means to ensure a correct catalyst block installed on board against the Technical File, where a part number or specification number specified by the applicant on the catalyst block casing or frame is acceptable;

  • .5 arrangement of soot blowing equipment;

  • .6 inspection and access arrangements. The inspection of the SCR chamber should be limited to ensuring that the correct catalyst blocks are fitted during assembly of the SCR and the inspection of spare catalyst blocks can be accepted to demonstrate compliance at surveys other than at the initial assembly of the SCR; and

  • .7 any baffle plates or other devices installed within the SCR chamber for exhaust gas and reductant flow distribution;

• .5 inlet parameters including allowable exhaust gas temperature (maximum and minimum) at the inlet of the SCR chamber;

• .6 cross-unit parameters: allowable pressure loss (Δp) between inlet and outlet of SCR chamber and in the exhaust duct caused by SCR components. Where there is any element of the SCR system upstream and/or downstream of the SCR chamber which affects the allowable pressure loss, then this allowable pressure loss (Δp) is to be based on the entire SCR system;

• .7 aspects related to the fuel oil quality resulting in continued compliance of the engine with the applicable NO_X emission limit to assure continued NO_X reduction may include, but not be limited to:

  • .1 the maximum allowable sulphur content of fuel oil which can be combusted, while maintaining compliance; and

  • .2 guidance on applicable fuel oil composition and fuel oil contaminants under operational conditions;

• .8 factors related to the deterioration rate of SCR performance, e.g. exchange condition for SCR catalyst blocks and recommended exchange time of SCR catalyst blocks:

  • .1 where a feedback or a feed forward reductant control strategy is incorporated with a NO_X measurement device, this is acceptable as a means of monitoring catalyst condition/degradation. The exchange criteria of catalyst blocks against the reading of the NO_X measurement device is to be specified by the applicant as well as the maintenance, service, and calibration requirements for the NO_X measurement device;

  • .2 where a feed forward reductant control strategy is adopted without a NO_X measurement device, the application is to provide the details of:

    • .1 the expected deterioration curve under expected operating conditions or the life of catalyst under expected operating conditions;

    • .2 factors which can influence catalyst NO_X reduction efficiency; and

    • .3 guidance on how to assess catalyst NO_X reduction efficiency based on periodical spot checks or monitoring as specified by the applicant, if applicable; records are to be kept for inspection during annual, intermediate and renewal surveys. The frequency of periodical spot checks is to be defined by the applicant considering the expected deterioration of the catalyst. The frequency for spot-checks should be at least after installation and once every 12 months; and

  • .3 other strategies on monitoring the catalyst condition/degradation are subject to the approval of the Administration;
• .9 controlling arrangements and settings of the SCR, e.g. model, specification of control device. This is to include, but not be limited to:

  • .1 the reductant injection control strategy which may be a feed forward reductant injection control or feedback reductant injection control strategy;

  • .2 instrumentation and sensors which are part of the SCR control arrangement, as applicable;

  • .3 crew instructions for allowable adjustment of control parameters including details of how to prevent unauthorized alteration of the system configuration parameters, programmable logic controller (PLC) data, and central processing units (CPU) as applicable;

  • .4 where a NO_X measurement device is used, the following details should be included:

    • .1 type/model (identification number);

    • .2 calibration, zero and span check procedures and the periodicity of such checks, if applicable;

    • .3 calibration gases to be carried on board if applicable; and

    • .4 maintenance and/or exchange requirements;

  • .5 where the engine system fitted with SCR has different operating modes (e.g. modes for Tier II and Tier III compliance separately), details of the control philosophy for selecting different modes of operation and recording the mode of operation together with means of changing between modes; and

  • .6 auxiliary control devices, as mentioned in regulation 13.9 and defined in regulation 2.4 of MARPOL Annex VI, respectively, may be used on engine systems fitted with SCR, covering starting and stopping, low load operation and reversing operation, subject to the approval of the Administration;

• .10 measures to minimize reductant slip. The maximum reductant slip may be specified by the applicant. Supporting information, including reductant injection rates under certain engine loads, the catalyst temperature or exhaust gas temperature when reductant injection occurs, etc. may be included in order to prevent reductant slip from exceeding the specified maximum level. Reductant slip monitoring in the exhaust duct downstream of the SCR or an equivalent means may be accepted as a means to minimize reductant slip. Alternatively, means of alleviating reductant slip (for example through the use of an ammonia slip catalyst or active catalyst thermal management) may be accepted as a means to minimize reductant slip;

• .11 parameter check method as the verification procedure: with regard to the application of the parameter check method, requirements given in paragraph 2.3.6 and guidance given in paragraph 2 of appendix VII of the NTC 2008 should be taken into account in assessing the adequacy of a proposed procedure with analysers meeting or exceeding the requirements of appendix III of the NTC 2008; and

• .12 any other parameter(s) specified by the applicant.

3.3 Measures to minimize reductant slip

When SCR uses urea solution, ammonia solution or ammonia gas as reductant, measures to prevent reductant slip should be provided to avoid the supply of an excessive amount of reductant in the system. The reductant injection system should be designed to prevent emissions of any harmful substance from the system.

3.4 Pre-certification procedure

Test and pre-certification of an engine system fitted with SCR should be conducted either by Scheme A (as given in section 5 of these Guidelines), or by Scheme B (as given in sections 6 and 7 of these Guidelines), as appropriate.

3.5 EIAPP certificate

3.5.1 An Engine International Air Pollution Prevention (EIAPP) Certificate (see appendix I of the NTC 2008) should be issued by the Administration after approval of the Technical File.

3.5.2 When an applicant chooses Scheme B for pre-certification, the IAPP initial survey should not be completed until the on board initial confirmation test provides compliant results. The applicant remains the responsible entity until final acceptance of the system.

3.5.3 When the engine is to be certified to both Tier II and Tier III, the EIAPP Certificate should be completed for both Tier II and Tier III with a single Technical File covering both Tier modes.

4 FAMILY AND GROUP CONCEPTS FOR ENGINE SYSTEMS FITTED WITH SCR

4.1 The requirements in chapter 4 of the NTC 2008 apply equally to engine systems fitted with SCR.

4.2 The parent engine is to be the engine system fitted with SCR with the highest NO_X emission value of the group/family as specified in paragraphs 4.3.9.1 and 4.4.8.1 of the NTC 2008. In cases where there is more than one combined engine/SCR system with the same highest NO_X emission value given to two decimal places (cycle value in g/kWh) within an engine family or an engine group, the parent engine is the system with the highest raw NO_X value emitted from the engine.

4.3 The parent engine for Tier II compliance is not necessarily the same parent of the combined engine/SCR system for Tier III compliance.

5 TEST PROCEDURES FOR SCHEME A

5.1 General

5.1.1 A test for a combined system of an engine fitted with an SCR in Scheme A is to ensure compliance with the applicable NOX emission limits of MARPOL Annex VI, as required. The test bed measurement procedures of chapter 5 of the NTC 2008 should apply.

5.1.2 Notwithstanding paragraph 5.1.1, the applicant may choose to test the combined system of an engine fitted with an SCR with a by-pass arrangement without that by-pass installed for the purpose of test bed measurement. Any effect to the fluid dynamics or reductant distribution caused by the absence of the by-pass arrangement is to be presented by the applicant.

5.2 Calculation of gaseous emissions

5.2.1 The calculation method in section 5.12 of the NTC 2008 is also applied to engine systems fitted with SCR. No allowance is made for the reductant solution injected into the exhaust gas stream in respect of its effect on exhaust gas mass flow rate calculation (appendix VI) or dry/wet correction factor (equation (11), paragraph 5.12.3.2.2 of the NTC 2008). The NO_X correction factor for humidity and temperature (equations (16) or (17), paragraphs 5.12.4.5 and 5.12.4.6, respectively, of the NTC 2008) should not be applied.

6 TEST PROCEDURES FOR SCHEME B

6.1 General

6.1.2 The calculation of gaseous emissions in paragraph 6.1.1.1 of these Guidelines should be undertaken in accordance with paragraph 5.2.1 of these Guidelines.

6.2 Verification test procedures for an engine

6.2.1 The purpose of the test of an engine is to establish the emission values for use in section 6.4 of these Guidelines. These measurements should be in accordance with chapter 5 of the NTC 2008.

6.2.2 Paragraph 5.9.8.1 of the NTC 2008 requires engine conditions to be measured at each mode point, for an engine system. This equally applies in the case of an engine fitted with SCR. Additionally, exhaust gas temperature at the intended inlet of the SCR chamber should be determined and recorded in the test report as required by section 5.10 of the NTC 2008.

6.3 Test procedures for SCR chambers

6.3.1 General

6.3.1.1 The SCR chamber for validation testing may be either a full scale SCR chamber or a scaled version. A SCR chamber should demonstrate the reduction in NO_X concentrations (ppm) expected in exhaust gas measured in section 6.2 of these Guidelines. Therefore, NO_X reduction rate of the SCR chamber should be determined for each individual mode point. Where undertaken on a scaled version of the SCR chamber the scaling process should be validated to the satisfaction of the Administration.

6.3.1.2 The scaling process is to correspond with the modelling tool of paragraph 6.1.1.2 of these Guidelines, and take into account geometrical reference conditions, and chemical NO_X conversion models, and other parameters which have influence on NO_X conversion rate in the modelling tool. If the scaling process could not be validated satisfactorily by theoretical analysis or calculations taking into consideration the complex conditions in the SCR chamber, such as uniformity of gas speed, reductant, a combined engine and SCR system validation test in accordance with Scheme A should be undertaken.

6.3.1.3 The modelling tool of paragraph 6.1.1.2 of these Guidelines is acceptable for use in other engine groups which operate within the same defined boundary conditions.

6.3.2 Test conditions at each mode point

6.3.3 Stability for measurement

All measurements should be recorded after they have stabilized.

6.3.4 List of data to be derived from the model

6.3.4.1 Operating data which is to be given in the Technical File should be derived from the modelling process or otherwise justified.

6.3.4.2 Exhaust gas analysers should be in accordance with appendix III and appendix IV of the NTC 2008 or otherwise to the satisfaction of the Administration.

6.3.5 Test report for SCR chamber

Data recorded under paragraph 6.3.1.1 of these Guidelines should be recorded in the test report as required by section 5.10 of the NTC 2008.

6.4 Calculation of the specific emission

6.4.1 The NOX emission value of the engine system fitted with SCR should be calculated as follows:

• 

• 	Where:		NOX reduction rate (%) derived in accordance with section 6.3 of these Guidelines;
  			= Mass flow of NOX gas measured in accordance with section 6.2 of these Guidelines;
  			Weighting factor;
  			Measured power at individual mode points in accordance with section 6.2 of these Guidelines.
  			The weighting factors and number of modes (n) used in above calculation shall be according to the provisions of section 3.2 of the NTC 2008.

6.4.2 The NO_X emission value (g/kWh) calculated in accordance with paragraph 6.4.1 of these Guidelines should be compared to the applicable emission limit. This emission value is entered into 1.9.6 of the Supplement to the EIAPP certificate (appendix I of the NTC 2008).

6.5 Test report to be submitted to the Administration

The test report referenced under paragraphs 6.2.2 and 6.3.5 of these Guidelines, together with the data from section 6.4 of these Guidelines should be consolidated into the overall documentation to be submitted to the Administration.

7 ON BOARD CONFIRMATION TEST FOR SCHEME B

7.1 After installation on board of an engine system fitted with SCR and before entry into service an initial confirmation test should be performed on board.

7.2 The engine system fitted with the SCR should be verified as corresponding to the description given in the Technical File.

7.3 The confirmation test should be undertaken as close as possible to 25%, 50% and 75% of rated power, independent of test cycle.

7.4 At each mode point of the confirmation test the operating values as given in the Technical File should be verified.

7.5 NO_X emission concentrations should be measured at the inlet and outlet of the SCR chamber. The NO_X reduction rate should be calculated. Both values should either be dry or wet. The value obtained for NO_X reduction rate should be compared to the initial confirmation test required value at each mode point as given in the Technical File. Reduction efficiency values obtained at each of the test points should not be less than the corresponding values as given in the Technical File by more than 5%.

7.6 The NO_X analyser should meet the requirements of chapter 5 of the NTC 2008.

7.7 When an engine system fitted with SCR is in a group defined in chapter 4 of these Guidelines, the confirmation test should be conducted only for the parent engine system of the group. Where the parent engine system of the group is not the first one to complete the onboard confirmation test as required by chapter 7 of these Guidelines, the onboard confirmation test is to be done for all installed engine systems within the engine group unless it is an identical NO_X specification member engine or the parent engine system has been installed and tested successfully. Where the parent engine system is not available to be installed on board, the first installed member engine system of the engine group can be chosen and adjusted to the worst case NO_X emission for confirmation test on board instead. The test results should be verified as described in the Technical File.